A

INFRASTRUCTURE

The set of services, equipment, and facilities necessary to run an organization.

Flow Chart

It is a chart used when the path followed by a product or service needs to be explained in order to reveal deviations.

ACCREDITATION

Certification is the activity of certifying that certification bodies, laboratories, inspection and testing organizations are competent to perform certain tasks, by evaluating them according to internationally accepted technical criteria.

Micro process

It is a process that provides input to the main process.

MAIN PROCESS (Macro Process, Main Process)

It is the primary process within an organization. This process may contain multiple subprocesses. The outputs of these subprocesses constitute the inputs to the main process.

B

Fishbone Diagram

It is a tool used to identify and illustrate the possible causes of a known problem. It is also known as the ISHIKAWA or Fishbone Diagram because it was developed by Ishikawa. The cause-and-effect diagram was developed to clearly illustrate the causes affecting a process by classifying and relating them. This method is one of the seven tools of quality.

Lead Auditor

A trained and authorized person who organizes an audit work throughout the organization, reports on it and evaluates the corrective actions taken.

DEPENDENCE

It is a term used to describe availability performance and its influencing factors, reliability performance, maintainability performance and sustainment performance.

DOCUMENT

These are documents showing compliance with standards and technical regulations issued by private or public laboratories, inspection and certification bodies authorized by authorized public institutions and organizations to issue certificates in mandatory fields within the framework of the relevant legislation, depending on the field of activity, and documents showing compliance with standards and technical regulations outside the mandatory fields within the framework of the relevant legislation.

Certification

These are the methods and activities carried out by an organization equipped with the necessary authorities to determine, verify and approve the conformity of the process, system, product or service quality with the necessary requirements and standards.

Five S Philosophy

The first of the Five S's is cleanliness (seiso), while the others are arrangement (seiton), standardization (seietsu), classification (seiri), and discipline (shitsuke). The goal is to ensure cleanliness, order, and discipline, and to classify and standardize the steps to ensure improvement in the workplace.

BRAINSTORMING

It's a technique used by groups to generate ideas on a specific topic. Each member of the group writes down all the ideas they can think of creatively. All ideas and thoughts are discussed and examined at the end of the meeting.

Benchmarking  (Benchmarking)

It is the process of an organization improving its weaknesses by evaluating itself, examining its competitors, business partners, successful examples in other sectors, researching applications in domestic and foreign markets, and taking as an example the best practices.

Information  Systems

It is a term used to describe automated systems that collect, analyze and store information and data.

Big C, little  c

In English, it represents the first letter of the word "Customer." The capital C is used to describe a customer who is external to the organization and purchases a product or service offered by the organization. The lowercase c represents a customer who is internal to the organization and purchases a product or service offered by a department or employee within the organization.

BIG Q, LITTLE q

This term is used to emphasize the difference between the two phenomena. Big Q refers to the quality management of work, processes, and products with unlimited capacity, while small q refers to the quality management of products and processes with limited capacity.

C

ATTRACTIVE QUALITY

It is a quality approach that aims to imagine the differences that the customer does not need yet but will need in the future and to transfer these differences to products and services.

COACHING

It is a managerial action that creates appropriate environments and conditions that empower, develop and encourage individuals and teams to achieve results.

C

WORKING ENVIRONMENT

The set of conditions under which the work is done

D

DEGREE (Quality Level)

A category or limitation given to different classical terms for products, processes or systems having the same functional use.

CHECK

It is the determination of whether the activities of an organization, the laboratory it uses, systems and personnel comply with defined regulations and/or standards.

Auditor

It is the person whose responsibilities are to understand the purpose of the audit, to carry out it, to report the audit results, to audit the results of the corrective actions taken when requested by the client, to preserve any document related to the audit or to ensure that it is kept confidential, to plan the audited organization in an effective and efficient manner and to subject it to an unbiased examination, and to comply with the audit standards determined while performing these.

Auditing ​

see Quality System Audit

Auditing Organization

It is an independent organization authorized to verify the conformity of an existing system, process, product or service to established standards.

Audited Organization  (Auditee)

It is the institution to be audited.

GRADE GRADE

It is an indicator of the order or classification of the features of products or services that have the same purpose of use but meet different needs.

EXPERIMENT

Determination of one or more characteristics according to a procedure.

CORRECTION

Action taken to eliminate the detected nonconformity.

 Cost of Poor Quality

It is the total cost of the activities carried out to achieve the desired quality and ensure continuous improvement in quality.

CORRECTIVE ACTIONS

An action taken to eliminate the cause of a detected nonconformity or other undesirable situation.

DOCUMENT

It is the whole of the written forms (definitions, engineering drawings, standards, quality plans, etc.) that provide pre-implementation information in an organization and contain the data necessary for work.

DOCUMENT CONTROL

It is the systematic execution of the preparation, inspection, approval and withdrawal of all documents that may affect product quality within the framework of the quality assurance system.

Documents Review

It is the review of the quality assurance system within the framework of ISO 9000 articles to ensure that it is adequately documented and that the written rules and instructions comply with the specified conditions and are implemented.

DOCUMENT

Information and its supporting media. Example: record, specification, procedure document, drawing, report, standard.
VERIFICATION

Confirmation that the specified conditions are met through the provision of objective evidence.

TO

ECONOMIC QUALITY

It is the level of quality that exceeds the additional profit generated by the product. Economic quality also reminds managers of how customers define quality by looking at the cost-profit relationship.

ACTIVITY

The degree to which planned activities are carried out and planned results are achieved

F

AREA OF OPPORTUNITY

It can occur as a part or unit of a predetermined material, process, product, or service. The term "Area of ​​Opportunity" is frequently used when there is no natural unit. It can represent a space, a time interval, a production part, or a product consisting of many parts and completed production stages, etc. As long as its role is effectively defined, the use of the term "unit" is preferable to the term "area of ​​opportunity."

G

RECYCLE

Introducing waste into the production process as a secondary raw material after undergoing physical and/or chemical processes.

RECOVERY

It includes the concepts of reuse and recycling; converting the components in waste into other products or energy by physical, chemical or biochemical methods by taking advantage of its properties.

VALIDITY

Confirmation that the conditions for a particular use or application are met by providing objective evidence.

AGENDA

It is the plan made for the effective running of the meeting.

RELIABILITY

It is the ability of a unit to perform its intended functions under specified conditions and within a specified timeframe. The term "reliability" is also used as a reliability characteristic that indicates the probability or rate of success.

REVIEW

An activity carried out to determine the effectiveness, adequacy and suitability of the subject under consideration in order to achieve the determined objectives.

SHADOW CUSTOMER SURVEY (BLIND SURVEY)

It is an examination of an organization by another company. The purpose is to compare the organization's status and processes with those of other companies.

H

ERROR AVOIDANCE POKE (ERROR) – YOKE (AVOID)

It's a term derived from the Japanese words "Poke" and "Yoke." It's an effective approach to preventing errors and the use of inappropriate products.

TARGET GROUP (FOCUS GROUP)

It's a gathering of customers to learn their thoughts about products and services. The group's purpose is to generate new ideas for product or service improvement.

HISTOGRAM (HISTOGRAM)

It is the classification of changes in a data set and the representation of their distribution using bars. Histograms make it easier to understand groupings that cannot be observed in numerical tables. A histogram is one of the seven tools of quality.

I

PREROGATIVE

Permission given to use or release a product that does not conform to specified conditions.

GOOD GOVERNANCE

A management approach dominated by a culture of openness, transparency, participation, interaction and accountability.

RELATED PARTY

A person or group that benefits from the success or performance of an organization. For example, customers, owners, members of the organization, suppliers, bankers, unions, partners, or associations.

MARKING

It refers to the use of a specific mark to show that a product or product group complies with national and international standards and/or relevant legislation within the framework of health, safety, environmental and consumer protection.

TRACEABILITY

The ability to track the history, implementation, or location of something under consideration.
Indicator

Indicator

K

ACCEPT / REJECT CRITERIA

These are the criteria used to measure and decide whether a product or service is acceptable or unacceptable.

ACCEPTABLE QUALITY LEVEL (AQL)

It is the percentage of products that are in a condition that can be accepted by the customer.

KAIZEN (KAIZEN)

It represents the concept of continuous improvement. This Japanese concept is a series of small, continuous improvements accumulated over time. This improvement is achieved through the participation of all employees.

CALIBRATION

It is the determination of deviations in non-standard measuring instruments or devices or their elimination through adjustment by comparing them with measuring instruments or devices that are traceable to national or international standards and whose accuracy has been proven.

QUALITY

It is the sum of the characteristics of a product or service based on its ability to meet identified or potential needs.

QUALITY MANUAL

It is the highest-level document that defines all of the organization's quality systems and specifies the quality policy. This document also includes information defining authority, responsibility, relationships, and system applications.

QUALITY SURVEILLANCE

To ensure that quality requirements are met, the accuracy of procedures, methods, conditions, products and services and record analysis is determined by continuous observation according to the specified references.

QUALITY ASSURANCE

It is the whole of the planned and systematic activities required to provide sufficient confidence in order to meet the requirements determined for the quality of the product or service.

QUALITY LOOP QUALITY SPIRAL

It is a conceptual model of interdependent activities that affect the quality of any product or service, covering the stages from determining the needs to investigating whether the identified needs are met.

QUALITY TARGET

It is something sought or aimed for in relation to quality.

QUALITY CONTROL

Application techniques and activities used to meet quality requirements.

COST OF QUALITY

It is the sum of the costs of efforts to achieve adequate quality and the costs resulting from inadequate controls. Roughly speaking, it can be categorized under two headings: functional quality costs and external quality assurance costs.

QUALITY PLANNING

The part of quality management that focuses on establishing quality objectives and determining the necessary operating principles and the resources involved to meet quality objectives.

QUALITY POLICY

It is the official goal of the organization regarding quality determined by the top management.

VALUE ADDED ACTIVITIES

Activities within an organization that transform input into output that will meet customer quality requirements and expectations.

NON-VALUE ADDED

It is the term used to refer to activities that add additional cost to the process for the product or service offered but do not create any value in the eyes of the customer.

QUALITY IMPROVEMENT

A part of quality management that focuses on improving the ability to meet quality requirements

QUALITY MANAGEMENT

It is one of the management functions that determines and implements the quality policy.

SEVEN TOOLS OF QUALITY

These are tools that help organizations improve themselves and understand their operations. These are: 

a. Cause-Effect Diagram 

b. Control (Table) Form 

c. Control Diagram 

d. Flow Chart 

e. Histogram 

f. Pareto Diagram 

g.Scatter Diagram.

QUALITY SYSTEM AUDIT

It is the activity implemented to prove the suitability and development of applicable quality system elements, their clarity and their effective implementation in line with the specified conditions through examination and impartial evaluation.

QUALITY SYSTEM

The organizational structure, responsibilities, procedures, processes and resources required for the implementation of quality management.

QUALITY SYSTEM REVIEW

It is the evaluation of the status and adequacy of the quality system by the top management, based on the quality policy and new targets according to changing conditions.

QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM:

The management system required to manage and control an organization with respect to quality

QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS

Intrinsic characteristic of a product/service, a process or a system (meaning a feature found in a structural thing, especially as a permanent characteristic)

QUALIFICATION

Attribution, quality, feature, qualification, ability; condition; limitation

RECORD

Document that states the results achieved or provides evidence of the activities carried out

ESTABLISHMENT

A group of people and facilities with structured responsibilities, authorities, and relationships.

ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE

Organizing the powers, responsibilities and relationships between people

MISTAKE

Failure to meet a requirement for an intended or specified use

M

Metrological Confirmation

A set of procedures required to ensure that measuring equipment is suitable for its intended use.

Metrological Characteristics

A distinguishing feature that can affect measurement results.

Metrological Function

The function with institutional responsibility for the definition and implementation (execution) of the measurement control system.

MISSION

It is the role that the organization undertakes in line with its purpose of existence.

INSPECTION

It is the comparison of the conformity of one or more features of a product or service to the specified conditions by subjecting them to processes such as measurement, testing and gauging.

CUSTOMER ORIENTED

It is an approach that puts the principle of meeting customer demands and expectations as the duty of all employees in the organization and aims for product quality in this direction.

VOICE OF CUSTOMER

It involves learning customer opinions about a product or service and using this information to improve processes. Listening to the customer's voice allows an organization to improve its products or services.

CUSTOMER SATISFACTION

The degree of customer satisfaction perceived by the customer that requirements have been met.

CUSTOMER

An organization or person who buys a product. Examples include consumer, customer (client), end-user, retailer, beneficiary, and purchaser. A customer can be internal or external to the organization.

N

ATTRIBUTE

Qualitative data that can be measured for recording and analysis. These include features such as the presence of a required label or the placement of a part.

QUALIFIED MANUFACTURER'S LIST (QML)

It is the list that emerges as a result of the evaluation and determination of manufacturers that meet the customer's quality requirements.

QUALIFICATION PROCESS

The process for demonstrating the ability to meet specified requirements.

HE

USE AS IS USE-AS-IS

The final process of a part containing one or more nonconformities. Despite the minor nonconformity, the part can be used for its intended purpose.

OBJECTIVE EVIDENCE

Evidence supporting the reality or existence of something.

ORIENTATION

These are activities carried out to introduce new employees to the organization and their own business units and to familiarize them with the job.

HE

PREVENTIVE ACTION

An action taken to eliminate the cause of a potential nonconformity or other undesirable potential situations.

MEASUREMENT CONTROL SYSTEM

A set of interrelated or interacting elements necessary to achieve metrological confirmation and continuous control of measurement processes.

MEASUREMENT PROCESS

A set of operations performed to determine the value of a quantity

MEASURING HARDWARE

The measuring instrument, software, measuring standard, reference material and {or additional equipment or combinations thereof required to perform a measuring process

P

STAKEHOLDERS STAKEHOLDERS

It is a term that includes customers, employees, managers, competitor organizations, labor unions, suppliers, and business partners.

PROCEDURE

The specified path required to perform an operation.

PROCESS

A set of interrelated or interacting activities that transform inputs into outputs.

PROJECT

A unique or unique process consisting of a set of coordinated and controlled activities with start and end dates, performed to achieve objective compliance with specified conditions, and including time limits, costs and resources.

R

COMPETITION

It is an intensive effort by an organization to produce a product or provide a service better than its competitors, using all its knowledge.

REENGINEERING (RESTRUCTURING)

It is the review and redesign of business processes to make them more effective and to improve the quality of the final product or service.

 S

DEVIATION PERMIT (PRODUCTION PERMIT)

It is the permission given to deviate from the specified conditions for a certain amount or time before production or service preparation.

RELEASE

Permission granted to proceed to the next stage of a process.

RESPONSIBILITY (PRODUCT, SERVICE) LIABILITY (PRODUCT, SERVICE)

It is a general term indicating that any personal injury, damage to property or other harm caused by the product or service will be compensated by the manufacturer or others.

CONTRACT REVIEW

The systematic processes that an organization performs before signing a contract to ensure that the quality requirements in the contract are adequately defined, documented, and easily understood by the organization.

STANDARD

A document containing rules, guidelines or characteristics regarding activities and their results, for common and repeated use, aimed at establishing an optimum level of order under existing conditions, approved by an agreed and accepted body.

NON-STANDARD CONCESSION/WAIVER

It is a written permission given for the use or marketing of a quantity of materials, components or stocks that have been manufactured but do not meet the specified specifications.

ADEQUACY OF STANDARDS

It is the term used to express the adequacy of a standard to be used to calibrate the adequacy of instruments used to measure quality.

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT

It is the process of analyzing the internal and external environments of an organization and their relationships with each other, and then determining and implementing appropriate behavioral patterns to achieve the organization's long-term goals.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.

VOICE OF PROCESS

They are the results obtained from a process. A process may or may not perform within specifications, or meet or fail to meet customer quality requirements.

PROCESS RE-ENGINEERING

It is the reorganization of a process that has lost its effectiveness due to changing customer requirements and the competitive structure, by analyzing the current customer requirements, without reference to the past.

PROCESS

It is a series of interrelated activities that aim to obtain a higher value-added output using a set of inputs.

PROCESS IMPROVEMENT

These are activities aimed at increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of the process through methods such as eliminating non-value-added work as a result of process analysis, simplifying the process, and automating it.

PROCESS QUALITY

It is the percentage of defects or imperfections in every hundred units of product from a specified process.

PROCESS PERFORMANCE

It refers to the effectiveness and efficiency of a process. It indicates whether the process output operates within established standards, meets objectives, and meets customer quality requirements. Process performance is generally monitored using indicators that can be grouped under three headings: "Quality," "Cost," and "Time."

PROCESS OWNER

He/she is the person primarily responsible for the effectiveness and efficiency of the process and therefore has the authority to make decisions independently of the functional authority in the management of the process.

PROCESS MANAGEMENT

A systematic approach that includes defining the processes in an organization, continuously monitoring the effectiveness and efficiency of the defined processes through performance indicators, and carrying out analysis and improvement work in critical processes deemed necessary.

CONTINUOUS DEVELOPMENT

It is the development of the Environmental Management System in order to improve the environmental performance and success in every field in accordance with the environmental policies of the organization.

CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT

Shewhart's concept of "Continuous Improvement" is one of the most fundamental activities of Total Quality Management. It refers to the systematic, continuous improvement of all functions within an organization (product, service, and process). It involves trained personnel, under the leadership of senior management, organizing into teams and conducting continuous improvement efforts in line with established goals based on a "Customer Focus."

SYSTEM

A set of interrelated or interacting elements.

Sh

CONDITION

A stated need or expectation, often implied or mandatory

SPECIFICATION

Document with specified conditions

T

IDENTIFIABLE CAUSE

Any cause of change in a process. These causes can be easily identified and eliminated by employees.

DESIGN REVIEW

Evaluation of design conditions is the detailed and systematic examination of the design by documenting it to ensure that the design meets these conditions and to identify problems and provide solutions.

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT

A set of processes that transforms a product, process or system into a specified set of characteristics.

SUBCONTRACTOR APPRAISAL

Before placing an order, it is important to evaluate the ability of the manufacturer to control quality.

FIX

Action taken to bring a nonconforming product to a level acceptable for its intended use

SUPPLIER QUALITY ASSURANCE

It is the confidence a supplier can offer that their product or service will meet customer quality requirements. This confidence is achieved by fostering good relationships between the supplier and the customer. It is the process of making the product ready for use with minimal corrective action and control. According to J.M. Juran, nine activities are required: 

1. Defining product and quality programs and quality requirements 

2. Evaluation of alternative suppliers, 

3. Selection of suppliers, 

4. Joint organization of quality planning, 

5. Cooperating with the supplier throughout the contract period, 

6. Ensuring demonstration of compliance with requirements, 

7. Certification of qualified suppliers, 

8. Controlling and organizing quality improvement programs when necessary, 

9. Creating and using supplier quality rates.

SUPPLIER

An organization or person that provides a product, such as a manufacturer, distributor, retailer, or seller of the product, or a provider of services or information.

REUSE

Reusing waste repeatedly in the same form until its economic life expires, without any processing other than collection and cleaning.

TECHNICAL REGULATIONS

It is a document that specifies product features, processing or production methods, including administrative provisions, and is mandatory to comply with.

REPROCESSING

Action taken on a nonconforming product to bring it into compliance with requirements.

EXAMINATION

An independent, documented process for obtaining audit evidence and objectively evaluating it to determine the extent to which agreed audit criteria have been met.

INSPECTOR

Person qualified to conduct an examination

RESEARCH PROGRAM

One or more sets of audits planned over a specific period of time and directed towards a specific purpose

EXAMINATION CRITERIA

A set of policies, procedures, or terms used as a reference.

INSPECTION EVIDENCE

Records, statements of fact, or other information that are relevant to the audit criteria and can be verified.
Note: Audit evidence can be qualitative or quantitative.

EXAMINATION FINDINGS

It is the result of the evaluation of the collected audit evidence according to the audit criteria.

EXAMINATION RESULT

The result of an examination performed by the examination team after considering all the examination objectives and all examination findings.

AUDIT CUSTOMER

The organization or individual requesting an auditor

INVESTIGATION TEAM

One or more auditors performing an audit.

TECHNICAL EXPERT

Person who provides specific information and expertise on the subject to be examined

TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

It is a philosophy that aims at continuous improvement of business processes and products/services.

U

CONFORMANCE

It is a verification that a product or service meets the requirements of the relevant specifications, contracts or regulations.

CERTIFICATION OF CONFORMITY (QUALIFICATION)

The process of examining, testing and approving a manufacturer's or distributor's products to determine their conformity with the contract or the requirements of an engineering drawing.

NONCOMFORMANCE

Failure of a product to meet the requirements specified in the contract, engineering drawing or specifications.

Ü

PRODUCT/SERVICE

The result of a process

V

PRODUCTIVITY

The relationship between the results obtained and the resources used.

VISION

A statement describing how the organization wants to be in the future

Y

SEVEN DEADLY DISEASES

It's a term coined by Deming. He categorized seven factors that affect organizations' ability to survive in hypercompetitive environments. If these factors are ignored, organizations cannot survive. Deming's management illnesses: 

1) Lack of patience in goals. 

2) Excessive correction costs. 

3) Excessive commitment costs. 

4) Change in management. 

5) Giving importance to short-term decisions. 

6) Management using visible figures. 

7) Performance evaluation is a skill assessment or annual review.

ADEQUACY AUDIT

It is the auditing of quality system documents in terms of their adequacy against relevant documents.

RE-RATING

A grade change made to make an unsuitable product grade suitable for conditions that differ from the initial conditions.

SUFFICIENCY

Demonstrated ability to apply knowledge and skills.

TALENT

The ability of a system or process to produce a product that meets the required requirements.

MANAGEMENT

Coordinated activities for the direction and control of an organization.

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

A system for establishing policies and objectives and achieving them.

Senior Management

The person or group of people who manage and control an organization at the highest level.